1. Upphandlare
1.1.
Upphandlare
Officiellt namn: Chalmers Tekniska Högskola Aktiebolag
2. Förfarande
2.1.
Förfarande
Titel: Quantum Cloud Service
Beskrivning: Description of the purpose of the contract and justification for Chalmers decision to award the contract without prior publication of a procurement notice in Mercell Tendsign and TED. Market analysis for cloud access to quantum computers. The Microtechnology and Nanoscience Department (WACQT) at Chalmers University of Technology is developing a full stack, gate-based, quantum computer built from superconducting qubits. Presently WACQT is operating a 25-qubit processor with plans to scale to 100 qubits in a few years. To lower barriers for Swedish researchers and industry to use quantum algorithms, WACQT is also setting up a testbed which will contain a copy of the 25-qubit quantum computer. Later this will be increased to 40 qubits and eventually to 100 qubits. As part of the testbed WACQT also wants to provide access to larger quantum computers when the testbed users have outgrown the WACQT quantum computers. For this, the University is interested in accessing cloud-based quantum computers that are similar to, and larger than, the WACQT quantum computers. The University is therefore looking for a provider that gives access to quantum computers with the following properties: – gate-based quantum computing – built on the same technology platform as the WACQT quantum computers, namely superconducting circuits – can offer substantially more than 100 qubits – compatible with the WACQT software stack, i.e. running Qiskit In May 2022 the Quantum Insider made an inventory of the market. htps://thequantuminsider.com/2022/05/03/13-companies-offering-quantum-cloudcompung-services-in-2022/#4_Forest_Rige_Compung_Quantum_Cloud_Services They found 13 providers (first 13 in the list below). In late 2023 these companies are still the main actors in this sector. In addition, a few new companies have emerged as potential providers, namely IQM in Finland, Pascal in France and PSI-quantum and IONQ in the US. Thus, the University have compared 18 different companies; 1. IBM Q Experience: IBM (Quantum Cloud Provider) 2. Google Quantum AI: Google (Quantum Cloud Provider) 3. Xanadu Quantum Cloud: Xanadu (Quantum Cloud Provider) 4. Forest: Rige Compung (Quantum Cloud Services) 5. Amazon Braket: AWS (Cloud System Provider) 6. Azure Quantum: Microso 7. Quantum Inspire: Qutech (Quantum Cloud Services) 8. Forge: QC Ware (Quantum Cloud Plaorm) 9. D-Wave 10. AQT (Quantum Cloud Services) 11. Oxford Quantum Circuits (OQC) 12. Alibaba Group 13. Quannuum (Quantum Cloud Services) 14. IQM 15. Pascal 16. Alice and Bob 17. PSI-quantum 18. IONQ Several of these of these are either based on different platforms (AQT, Azure Microsoft Quantiniuum, Pascal, Alice and Bob and PSI-quantum), some are not gate based (D-wave). Thus, the University finds 7 providers that offer access to quantum computers based on superconducting circuits using gate-based computing. Provider # qubits accessible Soware Based in 1. IBM Q Experience: IBM (Quantum Cloud Provider) 433 Qiskit US 2. Google Quantum AI: Google (Quantum Cloud Pro-vider) 72 Circ US 3. Forest: Rigetti Computing (Quantum Cloud Services) 40 US 4. Quantum Inspire: Qutech (Quantum Cloud Services) 5 Netherlands 5. Oxford Quantum Circuits (OQC) 8 UK 6. Alibaba Group Closed down Nov. 2023 11 China 7. IQM 25 Finland Technical reasons We hereby state the following technical reasons for why the procurement has not been advertised in open competition and the actual circumstances that apply in this specific case. Based on the above, it is necessary for technical reasons with access to: - gate-based quantum computing, - a platform built on the same technology as the WACQT quantum computers, namely supercon-ducting circuits, - computers that can offer substantially more than 100 qubits, and - which is compatible with the WACQT software stack, i.e. running Qiskit. Among the companies mentioned, only IBM meets the requirements based on Chalmers' research focus. Additionally, IBM offers the largest number of qubits by a significant margin and also has some of the best decoherence times. Furthermore, they have a roadmap for further scaling and are compatible with WAXQT software stack. They offer access to multiple quantum computers of varying size for a 5-year period including educa-tional services and other support. 3 Name and contact details regarding the individual(s) or entity(ies) awarded the contract IBM Svenska AB, 164 92 Stockholm.
Förfarandets identifierare: 3e0f1fdb-cff5-42e7-aa55-52a1af9058e2
Intern identifierare: C 2023-2042
Typ av förfarande: Förhandlat förfarande utan föregående meddelande om upphandling
2.1.1.
Föremålet för upphandlingen
Kontraktets art: Tjänster
Huvudklassificering (cpv): 72300000 Datatjänster
2.1.4.
Allmänna upplysningar
Rättslig grund:
Direktiv 2014/24/EU
5. Del (anbudsområde)
5.1.
Del (anbudsområde): LOT-0000
Titel: Quantum Cloud Service
Beskrivning: Description of the purpose of the contract and justification for Chalmers decision to award the contract without prior publication of a procurement notice in Mercell Tendsign and TED. Market analysis for cloud access to quantum computers. The Microtechnology and Nanoscience Department (WACQT) at Chalmers University of Technology is developing a full stack, gate-based, quantum computer built from superconducting qubits. Presently WACQT is operating a 25-qubit processor with plans to scale to 100 qubits in a few years. To lower barriers for Swedish researchers and industry to use quantum algorithms, WACQT is also setting up a testbed which will contain a copy of the 25-qubit quantum computer. Later this will be increased to 40 qubits and eventually to 100 qubits. As part of the testbed WACQT also wants to provide access to larger quantum computers when the testbed users have outgrown the WACQT quantum computers. For this, the University is interested in accessing cloud-based quantum computers that are similar to, and larger than, the WACQT quantum computers. The University is therefore looking for a provider that gives access to quantum computers with the following properties: – gate-based quantum computing – built on the same technology platform as the WACQT quantum computers, namely superconducting circuits – can offer substantially more than 100 qubits – compatible with the WACQT software stack, i.e. running Qiskit In May 2022 the Quantum Insider made an inventory of the market. htps://thequantuminsider.com/2022/05/03/13-companies-offering-quantum-cloudcompung-services-in-2022/#4_Forest_Rige_Compung_Quantum_Cloud_Services They found 13 providers (first 13 in the list below). In late 2023 these companies are still the main actors in this sector. In addition, a few new companies have emerged as potential providers, namely IQM in Finland, Pascal in France and PSI-quantum and IONQ in the US. Thus, the University have compared 18 different companies; 1. IBM Q Experience: IBM (Quantum Cloud Provider) 2. Google Quantum AI: Google (Quantum Cloud Provider) 3. Xanadu Quantum Cloud: Xanadu (Quantum Cloud Provider) 4. Forest: Rige Compung (Quantum Cloud Services) 5. Amazon Braket: AWS (Cloud System Provider) 6. Azure Quantum: Microso 7. Quantum Inspire: Qutech (Quantum Cloud Services) 8. Forge: QC Ware (Quantum Cloud Plaorm) 9. D-Wave 10. AQT (Quantum Cloud Services) 11. Oxford Quantum Circuits (OQC) 12. Alibaba Group 13. Quannuum (Quantum Cloud Services) 14. IQM 15. Pascal 16. Alice and Bob 17. PSI-quantum 18. IONQ Several of these of these are either based on different platforms (AQT, Azure Microsoft Quantiniuum, Pascal, Alice and Bob and PSI-quantum), some are not gate based (D-wave). Thus, the University finds 7 providers that offer access to quantum computers based on superconducting circuits using gate-based computing. Provider # qubits accessible Soware Based in 1. IBM Q Experience: IBM (Quantum Cloud Provider) 433 Qiskit US 2. Google Quantum AI: Google (Quantum Cloud Pro-vider) 72 Circ US 3. Forest: Rigetti Computing (Quantum Cloud Services) 40 US 4. Quantum Inspire: Qutech (Quantum Cloud Services) 5 Netherlands 5. Oxford Quantum Circuits (OQC) 8 UK 6. Alibaba Group Closed down Nov. 2023 11 China 7. IQM 25 Finland Technical reasons We hereby state the following technical reasons for why the procurement has not been advertised in open competition and the actual circumstances that apply in this specific case. Based on the above, it is necessary for technical reasons with access to: - gate-based quantum computing, - a platform built on the same technology as the WACQT quantum computers, namely supercon-ducting circuits, - computers that can offer substantially more than 100 qubits, and - which is compatible with the WACQT software stack, i.e. running Qiskit. Among the companies mentioned, only IBM meets the requirements based on Chalmers' research focus. Additionally, IBM offers the largest number of qubits by a significant margin and also has some of the best decoherence times. Furthermore, they have a roadmap for further scaling and are compatible with WAXQT software stack. They offer access to multiple quantum computers of varying size for a 5-year period including educa-tional services and other support. 3 Name and contact details regarding the individual(s) or entity(ies) awarded the contract IBM Svenska AB, 164 92 Stockholm.
Intern identifierare: C 2023-2042
5.1.1.
Föremålet för upphandlingen
Kontraktets art: Tjänster
Huvudklassificering (cpv): 72300000 Datatjänster
5.1.6.
Allmänna upplysningar
Upphandlingen omfattas av Världshandelsorganisationens avtal om offentlig upphandling, GPA: nej
5.1.16.
Kompletterande information, medling och prövning
Prövningsorganisation: Förvaltningsrätten i Göteborg
Organisation som undertecknar kontraktet: Chalmers Tekniska Högskola Aktiebolag
TED eSender: Mercell Holding ASA
8. Organisationer
8.1.
ORG-0001
Officiellt namn: Chalmers Tekniska Högskola Aktiebolag
Registreringsnummer: 5564795598
Avdelning: Inköp och upphandling
Postadress: Chalmers tekniska högskola
Ort: GÖTEBORG
Postnummer: 41296
Land: Sverige
Kontaktpunkt: Lambros Andreasson
Tfn: 031-7721000
Den här organisationens roller:
Upphandlare
Organisation som undertecknar kontraktet
8.1.
ORG-0002
Officiellt namn: Förvaltningsrätten i Göteborg
Registreringsnummer: 202100-2742
Postadress: Box 53197
Ort: Göteborg
Postnummer: 400 15
Del av land (NUTS): Västra Götalands län (SE232)
Land: Sverige
Tfn: 031-732 70 00
Den här organisationens roller:
Prövningsorganisation
8.1.
ORG-0003
Officiellt namn: Mercell Holding ASA
Registreringsnummer: 980921565
Postadress: Askekroken 11
Ort: Oslo
Postnummer: 0277
Del av land (NUTS): Oslo (NO081)
Land: Norge
Kontaktpunkt: eSender
Tfn: +47 21018800
Fax: +47 21018801
Den här organisationens roller:
TED eSender
Identifierare/version för meddelandet: f10d7999-7eb0-4fc6-8313-8b56878b6688 - 01
Formulärtyp: Frivillig förhandsinsyn
Meddelandetyp: Meddelande om frivillig förhandsinsyn
Meddelandets undertyp: 25
Avsändningsdatum för meddelandet: 14/12/2023 09:39:15 (UTC+00:00) Västeuropeisk tid
Datum för avsändning av meddelandet (eSender): 14/12/2023 09:40:32 (UTC+00:00) Västeuropeisk tid
Språk som det här meddelandet finns officiellt tillgängligt på: engelska
Meddelandets publiceringsnummer: 761739-2023
EUT S-nummer: 242/2023
Publiceringsdatum: 15/12/2023